The present study deals with the characterization of genes encoding translation initiation factor 3 subunit g (TaeIF3g) and vesicle-associated membrane protein associated-protein (TaVAP), and how their expression is altered during water stress in the drought tolerant (C-306) and susceptible (HD-2329) cultivars of wheat.  Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the TaeIF3g gene consists of an open reading frame (ORF) of 870 nucleotides encoding for a protein of 290 amino acid residues, with a likely molecular mass and pI of 31.47 kDa and 6.89, respectively.  The TaVAP cDNA consists of an ORF of 714 nucleotides encoding for a protein of 238 amino acid residues having deduced molecular mass and pI of 25.75 kDa and 7.56, respectively.  The changes in expression of the two genes in flag leaf and developing grains were studied in response to drought stress at 15 days post anthesis (DPA).  The expression of TaeIF3g and TaVAP in the flag leaf, after increasing in response to mild drought stress, decreased under severe stress conditions in C-306, whereas on the contrary, it persisted in cv. HD-2329.  Furthermore, the expression of TaeIF3g and TaVAP in response to drought stress was affected in a coordinated manner in leaf of both the cultivars.  The effect of drought on expression of TaeIF3g and TaVAP was also different in the grains of the two cultivars thus implying that the adaptive mechanisms operating in the tissues of tolerant and susceptible cultivars are different.