This case study examines maize (corn) that was genetically engineered to produce a protein that is toxic to certain insects. A gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which produces the toxin, was modified and added to the corn. Promoters (genetic material that initiates transcription of the gene) and terminators (genetic material which stops transcription of the gene) were also added, from a virus and another bacterium, respectively, which are known plant pathogens. The Bt-maize considered in this case study is referred to as MON810.