The biological survey of the national territory consists of monitoring the evolution of crop pests and other bio-indicators linked with agricultural productions. The annual assessments of a large number of indicators enable the detection of signifi- cant time trends which may be linked to agricultural practices, new plant protection products, changes in farming practices or plant cultivars. The early detection survey of any significant modification was developed in accordance with the French Agricultural Orientation Law of 1999 implementing biovigilance activity. Since 1998, this surveillance has been aimed at a number of pests and other animal organisms of corn crops. It was extended to other environment parameters: weed flora on nearly 900 fields of different crops in rotation since 2002, spread on the main crops areas of the territory, fungus of corn kernel and mycotoxin since 2004, soil pests and birds since 2005. In 2006, follow-up would be extended to all plant diseases and pests of crops involved in a rotation on the nine hundred fields net, with also first follow-up on vineyard.