A method has been developed to distinguish between traditional soybeans and transgenic Roundup Ready soybeans, i.e. the glyphosate resistant soybean developed by Monsanto Company.  Glyphosate resistance results from the incorporation of an Agrobacterium derived 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene.  The detection method developed is based on a nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) procedure.  Ten femtograms of soybean DNA can be detected, while, starting from whole soybeans, Roundup Ready DNA can be detected at a level of 1  Roundup Ready  soybean in 5000 non-GM soybeans (0.02% R.R. soybean).  the method has been applied to samples of soybean, soy-meal pellets, and soybean flour, as well as a number of processed complex products such as infant formula based on soy, tofu, tempeh, soy-based desserts, bakery products and complex meat and meat-replacing products.  The results obtained are discussed with respect to practical application of the detection method developed.